A new study published this past Friday (May 1, 2020) in the journal Cell Metabolism has reported that people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at much greater risk of having a poor outcome in Covid-19 if they have poorly controlled blood glucose.
The study looked at data from 7337 people who were hospitalized with Covid-19 in nineteen different hospitals in Hubei Province in China. Over 950 people had T2D (952) whereas the remaining almost 6385 people did not and among those with type 2 diabetes, 282 had well-controlled blood glucose, whereas the other 528 did not.
Consistent with what I reported in a recent review of a previous study in Covid-19, people admitted to hospital with the virus and who were diagnosed with T2D had poorer outcomes. In the present study, those with T2D required more medical interventions including requiring supplemental oxygen and/or ventilators than those without type 2 diabetes, and had much higher death rates (mortality) than those without T2D. Mortality in Covid-19 in those with T2D was 7.8%, but in Covid-19 without T2D, mortality was only 2.7%. What was very encouraging was that those with people with T2D who were admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 and who had maintained well-controlled blood glucose ranging between 3.9 to 10.0 mmol/L (70-180 mg/dl) had much lower death rates than those people with poorly controlled blood glucose, with the upper limit of blood sugar readings exceeding 10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dl).
Almost 99% (98.9%) of those in hospital with Covid-19 and who had type 2 diabetes but well-controlled blood glucose survived Covid-19.
BUT
11% of those in hospital with Covid-19 and who had type 2 diabetes but poorly controlled blood glucose, died.
These findings provide clinical evidence that having better blood sugar control leads to significantly better outcome in those hospitalized with COVID-19 and who have pre-existing type 2 diabetes.
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Joy
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Reference
Zhu L, She GZ, Cheng X, et al, Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metabolism, 2020; DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021
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